犬肛门腺：蹭屁股不等于"该挤了"，过度挤压反而伤腺体
2026/10/3· 约 4 分钟读完· 22 个要点
蹭屁股、追尾巴、闻腥味可能来自肛门腺、寄生虫或皮肤问题。这篇按肛门腺疾病综述与肛囊腺癌研究，讲清处理原则与何时必须就医。
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Canine Apocrine Gland Anal Sac Adenocarcinoma: A Review
Repasy AB, Selmic LE, Kisseberth WC · Topics in companion animal medicine · 2022
👉 肛囊腺癌的识别与处理，支撑"老年犬肛周肿块必须就医排查"。
展开原文摘要（英文，1126 字）
Apocrine gland anal sac adenocarcinoma (AGASAC) is a relatively uncommon tumor in the dog and comprises approximately 17% of perianal malignancies; however, it is one of the most common causes of paraneoplastic hypercalcemia. Clinical signs in affected dogs most commonly are associated with mechanical obstruction caused by the primary tumor or enlarged regional metastatic lymph nodes and the effects of paraneoplastic hypercalcemia when present. Surgical excision of the primary tumor and metastasectomy of affected locoregional lymph nodes is the preferred initial treatment option for most dogs, although radiation therapy and adjuvant chemotherapy are commonly incorporated into multi-modality treatment plans. A significant role for the use of adjuvant chemotherapy has not been clearly demonstrated. Prolonged survival times are possible, especially for dogs with smaller primary tumors and for dogs that undergo further treatments for recurrent disease. In this article, we review the clinical signs, diagnosis, staging, treatment, and prognosis of AGASAC in the dog. Copyright © 2022. Published by Elsevier Inc.
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