宠物急救：心肺复苏（CPR）与常见意外的第一反应
2026/10/3· 约 6 分钟读完· 35 个要点
车祸、触电、溺水、误食中毒——前 5 分钟决定结局。这篇按 2024 RECOVER 指南讲清 CPR 的正确做法、什么时候不能做 CPR，以及送医前哪些动作真正有用。附指南更新与实施前后预后对比研究。
二、30 秒内完成判断
- 呼唤 + 轻拍：有无反应；
- 看胸廓起伏：有无呼吸（不要只靠"有没有喘气声"）；
- 看黏膜颜色：牙龈苍白/发白/发紫提示循环或氧合问题；
- 摸股动脉/感受心跳。
只有确认无意识 + 无呼吸（或濒死呼吸）+ 无心跳，才启动 CPR。
三、CPR 怎么做（按 2024 RECOVER 指南要点）
RECOVER 指南是兽医 CPR 的循证标准，2024 年发布了更新版治疗建议[1]：
- 体位：侧卧（右侧卧常见），放在坚硬平面上；
- 胸外按压
- 速率约 100–120 次/分钟（可参考"Stayin' Alive"节奏）；
- 深度约为胸廓宽度的 1/3–1/2；
- 每次按压要让胸廓完全回弹；
- 不要频繁中断按压；
科研依据与原文（可直接查看）
下列每条都是本文引用的同行评议文献，本站已把原文摘要抓下来，点「展开原文摘要」即可在站内阅读； 需要看全文时可点 PubMed / Europe PMC / DOI 任一入口（多条备选，避免单点打不开）。
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2024 RECOVER Guidelines: Updated treatment recommendations for CPR in dogs and cats
Burkitt-Creedon JM, Boller M, Fletcher DJ, Brainard BM 等 · Journal of veterinary emergency and critical care (San Antonio, Tex. : 2001) · 2024
👉 兽医 CPR 的循证标准：按压速率/深度、通气与少中断原则。
展开原文摘要（英文，2112 字）
After the 2012 Reassessment Campaign on Veterinary Resuscitation (RECOVER) CPR Guidelines, this is an update of evidence-based consensus guidelines for Basic Life Support (BLS), advanced life support (ALS), and periarrest monitoring. These RECOVER CPR Guidelines were generated using a modified version of the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) system for evidence evaluation and translation of this evidence into clear and actionable clinical instructions. Prioritized clinical questions in the Population, Intervention, Comparator, and Outcome (PICO) format were used as the basis to conduct systematic literature searches by information specialists, to extract information from relevant publications, to assess this evidence for quality, and finally to translate the findings into treatment recommendations. These recommendations were reviewed by the RECOVER writing group and opened for comment by veterinary professionals for 4 weeks. Transdisciplinary, international collaboration in university, specialty, and emergency practice. A total of 40 worksheets were prepared to evaluate questions across the 3 domains of BLS, ALS and Monitoring, resulting in 90 individual treatment recommendations. High-dose epinephrine is no longer recommended, and atropine, if used, is only administered once. Bag-mask ventilation is prioritized over mouth-to-nose ventilation in nonintubated animals. In addition, an algorithm for initial assessment, an updated CPR algorithm, a rhythm diagnosis tool, and an updated drug dosing table are provided. While the majority of the BLS and ALS recommendations remain unchanged, some noteworthy changes were made due to new evidence that emerged over the past 10 years. Indirectness of evidence remains the largest impediment to the certainty of guidelines formulation and underscores an urgent need for more studies in the target species of dogs and cats. © 2024 The Author(s). Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care Society.
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